Marketing Mix And Marketing Plan - 1057 Words

Promotion is one of the key elements to the Marketing Mix and is used by businesses to communicate information about their product in order to meet specific promotional objectives. To effectively promote a product or service, a business must first decide which communication process is best suited to their target market (Palmer, 2004). There are many different communication tools which a business can use, all of which can be classified into one of two promotional categories. These two categories are ATL (Above the line), and BTL (Below the line) promotion. Above the line promotion encompasses all of the communication tools which have the potential to reach the masses through the use of media such as TV, Radio, and Print (BusinessDictionary.com, 2015). Below the line marketing is used to reach more specific and targeted audiences (Frain, 1999). Some common BTL methods include, direct e-mail/mail marketing, door to door sales, and exterior location marketing. Most business will use a range of these methods but it is entirely dependent on the business s target market. GoPro sell small, lightweight, high-definition, and high speed personal video cameras. They are marketed towards any individual with an interest in recording their personal hobbies/activities. It can be easily mounted onto various surfaces, such as the body of a plane, or even the front of a surf board. The primary users of the GoPro are generally seen to be people involved with extreme sports such as BASEShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mix And The Marketing Plan1335 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Competition, Marketing Mix and pricing plays a major role in the marketing Most marketing plans are conceived to extend no longer than one year before the plan is reassessed for modifications, additions, subtractions or entire reinvention depending on constantly evolving business goals and circumstances. In fact, a properly implemented marketing plan is constantly being assessed by accurate and consistent tracking systems to evaluate the plan’s performance against expectations. ThisRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Marketing Mix879 Words   |  4 Pagesproviding critical information to customers. Promotion as a marketing mix can be defined as the art used to inform, persuade and remind a target audience regarding a given produce and service (Kazmi Batra, 2008). In many circumstances, it involves the reduction of prices of products for a limited time (Wiehenbrauk, 2010). This is mainly to attract consumers into purchasing the company’s product. Promotion as part of the 4Pà ¢â‚¬â„¢s in marketing will take into consideration various promotional activitiesRead MoreCase Study : Marketing Mix And Marketing Plan2462 Words   |  10 Pagesengage, scope, plan, metrics, research, innovate, decide, manage, communicate, diversity and close. 1. Sell: convince customer to buy 1.1 Marketing: consist of 4 ingredients It is crucial for marketers to consider 4 P’s when coming up with a marketing plan: product, price, promotion and place. These 4 P’s, proposed by E. Jerome McCarthy in 1960, are ingredients of the marketing mix. A product could be a physical good or an intangible service. The product is the core of marketing. Marketers needRead MoreMadza Marketing Mix Plan4644 Words   |  19 Pagesit as a transport only and do not care about status. Currently, as we choose to believe, this car is in the maturity stage for its targeted group of consumers. Even though the company is showing the specifications of this car clearly on all its marketing collaterals, consumers might not be able to understand the technical issues or language used. They could use simpler terms to describe the technical terms used so that it will be easier for the consumer to understand. 2.2 Current Pricing The priceRead MoreIntegrated Marketing Mix And Implementation Plan1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntegrated Marketing Mix and Implementation Plan Product STORY’s core customer value is status, achieved through the product’s unique and groundbreaking luxurious design. Beyond this core value of status, the actual product must be consistent with the modern, luxury aspect of the clock. The clock features a design which simultaneously combines high-end design with levitating technology, supporting the goal of status for customers. The product is made from quality materials, including stained ashRead MoreMarketing Mix Model And Digital Marketing Plan For My Firm1575 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing Mix Model and Digital Marketing Plan for my Firm Using social media to market ones program is a growing marketing trend which often ends up in spectacular results. But repeating the same success level when it comes to ecotourism is a difficult task. Traditionally, sensations created by social media are often related to entertainment industry or really important events that can stir public interest. But when it comes to ecotourism, we are dealing with a sustainable business market that requiresRead MoreHaribo Cupcake Mix Marketing Plan6775 Words   |  28 Pages[pic] MARKETING PLAN: [pic] CONTRERAS VALDERRAMA Ivà ¡n FERNANDEZ Ana Laura GASPARINI Fabien GRANDPRE Sà ©golà ¨ne HAMRANI Sonia ING Morgane Foreword Created in 1920, in Bonn, by a German named: Hans Riegel, Haribo (stands for Hans RIegel BOn) is today known worldwide for its candies such as: Gold-Bears, Tagada Stawberries or Fizzy Cola. Indeed, Haribo is the first manufacturer of gums and jellies within the total sugar confectionery market, whoRead MoreHaribo Cupcake Mix Marketing Plan6790 Words   |  28 Pages[pic] MARKETING PLAN: [pic] CONTRERAS VALDERRAMA Ivà ¡n FERNANDEZ Ana Laura GASPARINI Fabien GRANDPRE Sà ©golà ¨ne HAMRANI Sonia ING Morgane Foreword Created in 1920, in Bonn, by a German named: Hans Riegel, Haribo (stands for Hans RIegel BOn) is today known worldwide for its candies such as: Gold-Bears, Tagada Stawberries or Fizzy Cola. Indeed, Haribo is the first manufacturer of gums and jellies within the total sugar confectionery market, who owns other famous candy brandsRead MoreMarketing Plan for Fit Mix Protein Water Mix3329 Words   |  13 PagesMarketing Plan Executive Summary The Fit Mix Protein Water mix is a new product that is being launched. This consultative report presents a marketing plan for the company developing the product. The recent political and social trends towards healthier lifestyles have increased the market for health drinks. The consumers are sensitive to health benefits including weight control offered by such products. The Fit Mix protein water mix would address health issues for the whole family. It will beRead MoreMarketing Mix Plan for Baskin Robbins2131 Words   |  9 Pagesagainst their competitors at the Los Angeles County Fair. That year they won their first Gold Medal and set the pattern for county and state fair participation, earning Gold Medals for Baskin-Robbins Ice Cream every year since that first contest. Marketing Mix PRODUCT Baskin Robbins has never used artificial flavorings; its extensive Ramp;D efforts have focused on developing a wide range of flavors by using natural ingredient. As a result, BR’s products smell distinctly different from other products

Childcare Research Task Essays - 4395 Words

Contents Page 1 of 13 C1 - Provide a rationale for the identification of the care and learning needs of all children Page 2 of 13 C2 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of different approaches to planning for children’s care and learning Page 3 of 13 C3 - Explain in detail the professional skills needed to plan. Analyse why practitioners need these skills Page 5 of 13 C4 - Demonstrate the application of relevant†¦show more content†¦Then of there are any improvements they make will be noted and planned again for the next time they do the activity. Routines Every day at placement, practitioners and children follow a routine set in place that also follows the curriculum. It’s seen in every placement some being stuck to the wall for all to see. It helps staff and settings a lot as it allows practitioners to see how much time they have to prepare snacks for children, doing observations, activities, getting milk or juice ready and helps the setting to manage well with the time slots. The child’s care needs are also met when the jobs are done and allow children to understand and get accustomed to the routine and times. Learning journeys These are a key method in children’s learning needs. Practitioners are always writing and updating every child’s learning journeys in nurseries so they can track the developments children make. If the child still hasn’t quite reached a certain development milestone then they tend to work towards that and continue to improve the child’s learning. It also allows parents to get involved with their child’s learning as together they talk about the child’s development stage and together they can plan the next steps in their child’s life and their education. PLODS To ensureShow MoreRelatedThe Sheridan County Ymca And Its Lack Of Space For Its After School Program Essay1397 Words   |  6 Pagesprogram’s start it has become a wonderful opportunity for families in need of childcare in the hours between the children’s release from school and when they get off work. The program has gained a promising reputation, that being said, it has also gained a hefty waitlist of parents in hopes of their children being accepted into the program. This report will be separated into the following sections: Statement of the Problem, Research Methods, Results, Conclusion, and Recommendations. In Statement of theRead MoreAssessment of the View that Conjugal Roles Have Become Equal1238 Words   |  5 Pagestime spent by spouses on particular tasks. Others have tried to measure the distribution of power within marriage. Willmott and Young, and Gillian Dunne are amongst those who have argued that conjugal roles are equal. However many sociologists such as Ann Oakley, Ferri and Smith, Duncombe and Marsden, and Edgel, who have carried out research into the area of conjugal roles, have found little evidence that couples share equal division of domestic tasks. Willmott and Young agree withRead MoreBusiness Report: Tree House Child Care1695 Words   |  7 Pagesfunctions(Operations, Employment Relations, Marketing and Accounting and finance). These main roles can be grouped into 4 main groups; Planning, Organising, Leading and Controlling. These are known as POLC. The business functions mainly focus on there own tasks but must always work together and POLC is what connects the business functions. Planning is concerned with determining the goals of a business. Tree House should establish its goals so you know what you want to achieve. If your business knows whereRead MoreFreud s Trust Vs. Miss Trust Theory907 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of the individuals early experience with the family. He believed that an infant’s early experience went on to contribute to the individual’s adult personality. The following studies data is based of a one time assessment session. This research found by (refecence 3) has found that infants still form attachments with their mothers who work full time. Although they did argue that these infants are more likely to form an insecure relationship with their mothers compared to mothers who didRead MoreThe Arguments For and Against the Idea that There Is a Move Toward a More Equal Division of Labour Within the Home1445 Words   |  6 Pagestheir fair share of the housework and childcare and do both spouses have an equal say in decision making? This is what I am going to evaluate. To begin with, the domestic division of labour refers to the roles that men and women play in relation to housework, childcare and paid work. The idea of a move towards a more equal division of labour simply means that both males and females do equal amounts of housework, childcare and paid work (joint conjugal roles). Read MoreAssessment of the Claim that the Family Has Become Increasingly Symmetrical963 Words   |  4 Pagesinstrumental role. Whereas there are other assumptions that have been made by other sociologists, such as Ann Oakley, a feminist, who believes that household roles are not joint, the cohabiting couple do not share household tasks like childcare and housework. Writers such as Willmott and Young have argued that contemporary family life in Britain is becoming increasingly symmetrical. While there remains some forms of role segregation, modern families place emphasisRead MoreThe Division Of Labour Within Couples Essay1009 Words   |  5 PagesThe Division Of Labour Within Couples Wilmott and Young carried out their research in London between 1950 and 1970. They believe that the family as we know it has developed and evolved through three stages to become as it is today. In the first stage, the Pre-Industrial family was extended and everyone lived and worked together. They therefore had joint conjugal roles, meaning they shared duties. In the second stage, the Early Industrial family were extended familiesRead MoreThe Positive Effect of High Quality Childcare on Childrens Cognitive Development1452 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive development is defined as the growth and change in a person’s ability to perform mental tasks including thinking, understanding and reasoning (California Department of Education, 2014). Cognitive development is a process involving a complex interaction between biological and environmental factors (Feinstein, 2003, as cited in Wong, Edwards, 2013). There are multiple factors that occur in early childhood including breastfeeding, parental intelligence and obstetric complications that haveRead MoreGender Differences Surrounding Parenting And The Responsibility For Children1434 Words   |  6 PagesIn this article, Doucet focuses on the question of why there are preexistent gender differences surrounding parenting and the responsibility for children in heterosexual couples. Although there has been an increase in fathers’ involvement in childcare, mothers still remain strongly associated with the responsibility for children. This trend has not shifted even when mothers are involved with the same amount, or even more paid employment than their husband. Consider the fact that Canadian studiesRead MoreFamily Development Assessment : The Developmental Life Cycle1189 Words   |  5 PagesFamily Development Assessment The second part of the assessment comprehends the developmental life cycle for the family. The developmental category reflects the family life cycle stages, the emotional process of transition and the tasks accomplished during each stage. Stages. Meshia is currently in â€Å"Stage Three: Families with young children†. According to Wright and Leahey (2013) an adult in this stage has become a caregiver to a younger generation and there past family experience will influence

List of lessons learnt from Assignment Free Essays

Especially for two people in a very small team. At beginning to estimate time frame for the whole project, the team based on own experience, which is very shallow, to give time frame for whole project. I knew that it should not be done by this way because the risk probability is very high. We will write a custom essay sample on List of lessons learnt from Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. The Quality Plan is very important. It sets an assurance for the project. I did not clearly understand the Quality Plan until I do he dry-run of the assignment 3 and get the helpful feedback. After that I did research for this and realize that for every Sprint in this project, the processes of handle the Quality are really not Just about testing. List of lessons learnt from Assignment 3: give time trame tor whole project. I knew that it should not be done by this way How to estimate time trame tor the whole project using the on technical presentation. Atter the dry-run, the team tound out that t handle the Quality are really not Just about testing. How to cite List of lessons learnt from Assignment, Papers

Analysis of A Whisper of AIDS free essay sample

On August 19, 1992, during the Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas, Mary Fisher, a 44 year old HIV positive mother of two kids and a rich Republican, delivered a moving speech to bring awareness to the American public about the stigma and danger of HIV and AIDS in the 90’s. In 1992, millions of Americans were infected, and many of these people were ashamed to publicly speak up for themselves. Fisher knew that in order to change federal policies and reverse the stigma of HIV/AIDS we need to coalesce as a nation. Mary Fisher’s speech is informative, passionate and brave; her speech calls on the Republican Party to act and understand that HIV/AIDS is a present danger that does not discriminate against the color of your skin, your sexual orientation or whether you are rich or poor. In 1992, HIV/AIDS was the third leading cause of death in America, and we as a nation were very misinformed about the effects of the disease and the number of Americans affected and living with HIV/AIDS. In her speech, Fisher presented factual evidence about the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic when she says: The reality of AIDS is brutally clear. Two hundred thousand Americans are dead or dying; a million more are infected. Worldwide, forty million, sixty million, or a hundred million infections will be counted in the coming few years. But despite science and research, White House meetings and congressional hearings; despite good intentions and bold initiatives, campaign slogans and hopeful promisesdespite it all, its the epidemic which is winning tonight. (Fisher 1992) This is a great example of logos, Fisher use statistics that are not only shocking, but also informative to drive home the point of how HIV/AIDS is affecting America and the world. Fisher passionately drove home the point that HIV/AIDS affects us all, and that the disease does not differentiate between us on our differences because we are all human. She stood up as a voice and a figure that most in the audience could relate to when she states; Tonight, I represent an AIDS community whose members have been reluctantly drafted from every segment of American society. Though I am white, and a mother, I am one with a black infant struggling with tubes in a Philadelphia hospital. Though I am female, and contracted this disease in marriage, and enjoy the warm support of my family, I am one with the lonely gay man sheltering a flickering candle from the cold wind of his familys rejection. (Fisher 1922) Fisher urged her party to take a stand and be compassionate to those who struggle with the disease, and asked the audience to remember that we are all human. She reminded everyone that the public can be harsh and cruel when dealing with carriers of the virus, but people with HIV/AIDS are indeed humans who are admirable of kindness and sympathy. Fisher stated this when she said, â€Å"We may take refuge in our stereotypes, but we cannot hide there long. Because HIV asks only one thing of those it attacks: Are you human? And this is the right question: Are you human? Because people with HIV have not entered some alien state of being. They are human† (Fisher 1992). Fisher is using pathos here to appeal to people’s emotions by realizing that this disease can affect them or someone they care about. It took great courage for Mary Fisher to speak in front of the Republican Party in 1992, a party who just years prior just thought of HIV/AIDS as a gay disease, and used the issue for political gain. In an editorial in the New York Times, titled â€Å"Teaching Mercy to Republicans† the anonymous author states; Ms. Fisher spoke from the same podium that had showcased the former Presidential candidate Patrick Buchanan, who once said that AIDS was Gods revenge on homosexuals. She spoke before delegates from the religious right who are likely to view AIDS in terms of sin and to Republican operatives who are prepared to exploit anti-gay and anti-AIDS hysteria for political gain† (Teaching et al. 1992). That reference shows the mentality and ideas the Republican Party shared at the time, and sometimes continue to share in the present day. Even prior to 1992, President Ronald Reagan would not talk about HIV/AIDS at the beginning of the epidemic, as stated by Jeffrey Schmalz, from the New York Times, â€Å"The epidemic was more than five years old before President Ronald Reagan uttered the A word publicly. The wrath of God, the right wing said. All those homosexuals and blacks and drug abusers. † (Scmalz 1992). In addition, Fisher stated in her opening, â€Å"Less than three months ago, at the platform hearings in Salt Lake City, I asked the Republican Party to lift the shroud of silence which has been draped over the issue of HIV/AIDS. I have come tonight to bring our silence to an end† (Fisher 1992). Cleary she and her audience understood how the Republican Party treated and dealt with the HIV/AIDS crisis in America during that time. She was a brave Republican woman who stood up and brought forth the idea that HIV/AIDS can affect their own community and that the issue can no longer be ignored. Here you had a straight white woman; a mother with kids and a husband explain to the audience that HIV/AIDS can affect anyone. Fisher used ethos in applying her knowledge of HIV/AIDS as an activist and a person who votes Republican to appeal to the Republican Party. Fisher’s speech was very moving and captivated the audience. She used personal stories and factual evidence to make the audience aware that HIV/AIDS was a problem that our nation could no longer ignore. She mad the audience realize that everyone was at risk because the disease only cared if you are human, and that the disease was a real threat to the future of the nation. She shared that the disease was still spreading worldwide, with the highest infection rates in woman and children, all the while many young adults were dying of the disease. She expressed that we have all assisted in the spread of the disease, â€Å"And we have helped it alongwe have killed each otherwith our ignorance, our prejudice, and our silence† (Fisher 1992). Fisher’s experience and background where a catalyst for HIV/AIDS awareness for the nation in 1992. During this time many people only thought that HIV/AIDS was a disease that affected the poor, gay and minority communities. Her speech brought the disease closer to home, and showed that anyone can be impacted by HIV/AIDS. Have pioneers for HIV/AIDS awareness such as Mary Fisher made it easier for people in today’s world to publicly speak up about their battles with the disease? Many people today believe the answer is yes. For Fisher to take a stand during a time when there was so much hate and shame for people with HIV/AIDS shows that she is a brave woman. Her knowledge, dedication and courage to stand up and address the entire nation regarding the dangers and the battle we still face with the disease was very admirable. She took the stage for all the people suffering from HIV/AIDS, and told them not to be ashamed for having the disease; that the shame should be felt by the people who have been intolerant, ignorant, and fear mongering. To not even whisper HIV/AIDS during that time was the norm, but Fisher helped those whispers to be heard so that we no longer ignored the disease, in order that one day the world would not need to whisper its name ever again. Word Count: 1273 Works Cited Fisher, Mary. A Whisper of AIDS. Speech. 1992 Republican National Convention. Houston. 6 Oct. 2013. Speeches USA. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. . Kelly, Michael. (1992, Aug 20). A DELICATE BALANCE: Issues AIDS; AIDS speech brings hush to crowd. New York Times. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/428627751? accountid=7054 Schmalz, Jeffrey. AIDS Test. The New York Times. The New York Times, 16 Aug. 1992. Web. 12 Oct. 2013. . â€Å"Teaching mercy to republicans. † (1992, Aug 22). New York Times. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/428631171? accountid=7054 Mary Fisher, â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS† Less than three months ago, at the platform hearings in Salt Lake City, I asked the Republican party to lift the shroud of silence which has been draped over the issue of HIV/AIDS. I have come tonight to bring our silence to an end. I bear a message of challenge, not self-congratulation. I want your attention, not your applause. I would never have asked to be HIV positive. But I believe that in all things there is a good purpose, and so I stand before you,and before the nation, gladly. The reality of AIDS is brutally clear. Two hundred thousand Americans are dead or dying; a million more are infected. Worldwide, forty million, sixty million, or a hundred million infections will be counted in the coming few years. But despite science and research, White House meetings and congressional hearings; despite good intentions and bold initiatives, campaign slogans and hopeful promisesdespite it all, its the epidemic which is winning tonight. In the context of an election year, I ask youhere, in this great hall, or listening in the quiet of your hometo recognize that the AIDS virus is not a political creature. It does not care whether you are Democrat or Republican. It does not ask whether you are black or white, male or female, gay or straight, young or old. Tonight, I represent an AIDS community whose members have been reluctantly drafted from every segment of American society. Though I am white, and a mother, I am one with a black infant struggling with tubes in a Philadelphia hospital. Though I am female, and contracted this disease in marriage, and enjoy the warm support of my family, I am one with the lonely gay man sheltering a flickering candle from the cold wind of his familys rejection. [Applause] This is not a distant threat; it is a present danger. The rate of infection is increasing fastest among women and children. Largely unknown a decade ago, AIDS is the third leading killer of young-adult Americans todaybut it wont be third for long. Because, unlike other diseases, this one travels. Adolescents dont give each other cancer or heart disease because they believe they are in love. But HIV is different. And we have helped it alongwe have killed each otherwith our ignorance, our prejudice, and our silence. We may take refuge in our stereotypes, but we cannot hide there long. Because HIV asks only one thing of those it attacks: Are you human? And this is the right question: Are you human? Because people with HIV have not entered some alien state of being. They are human. They have not earned cruelty and they do not deserve meanness. They dont benefit from being isolated or treated as outcasts. Each of them is exactly what God made: a person. Not evil, deserving of our judgment; not victims, longing for our pity. People. Ready for support and worthy of compassion. My call to you, my Party, is to take a public stand no less compassionate than that of the President and Mrs. Bush. They have embraced me and my family in memorable ways. In the place of judgment, they have shown affection. In difficult moments, they have raised our spirits. In the darkest hours, I have seen them reaching not only to me, but also to my parents, armed with that stunning grief and special grace that comes only to parents who have themselves leaned too long over the bedside of a dying child. With the Presidents leadership, much good has been done; much of the good has gone unheralded; and as the President has insisted, Much remains to be done. But we do the Presidents cause no good if we praise the American family but ignore a virus that destroys it. We must be consistent if we are to be believed. We cannot love justice and ignore prejudice, love our children and fear to teach them. Whatever our role, as parent or policy maker, we must act as eloquently as we speakelse we have no integrity. My call to the nation is a plea for awareness. If you believe you are safe, you are in danger. Because I was not a hemophiliac, I was not at risk. Because I was not gay, I was not at risk. Because I did not inject drugs, I was not at risk. My father has devoted much of his lifetime to guarding against another holocaust. He is part of the generation who heard Pastor Niemoeller come out of the Nazi death camps to say, They came after the Jews, and I was not a Jew, so I did not protest. They came after the Trade Unionists, and I was not a Trade Unionist, so I did not protest. They came after the Roman Catholics, and I was not a Roman Catholic, so I did not protest. Then they came after me, and there was no one left to protest. The lesson history teaches is this: If you believe you are safe, you are at risk. If you do not see this killer stalking your children, look again. There is no family or community, no race or religion, no place left in America that is safe. Until we genuinely embrace this message, we are a nation at risk. Tonight, HIV marches resolutely toward AIDS in more than a million American homes, littering its pathway with the bodies of the young. Young men. Young women. Young parents, and young children. One of the families is mine. If it is true that HIV inevitably turns to AIDS, then my children will inevitably turn to orphans. My family has been a rock of support. My eighty-four-year-old father, who has pursued the healing of the nations, will not accept the premise that he cannot heal his daughter. My mother has refused to be broken; she still calls at midnight to tell wonderful jokes that make me laugh. Sisters and friends, and my brother Phillip, whose birthday is todayall have helped carry me over the hardest places. I am blessed, richly and deeply blessed, to have such a family. But not all of you [Applause], but not all of you have been so blessed. You are HIV-positive but dare not say it. You have lost loved ones, but you dared not whisper the word AlDS. You weep silently; you grieve alone. I have a message for you: It is not you who should feel shame, it is we. We who tolerate ignorance and practice prejudice, we who have taught you to fear. We must lift our shroud of silence, making it safe for you to reach out for compassion. It is our task to seek safety for our children, not in quiet denial but in effective action. Someday our children will be grown. My son Max, now four, will take the measure of his mother; my son Zachary, now two, will sort through his memories. I may not be here to hear their judgments, but I know already what I hope they are. I want my children to know that their mother was not a victim. She was a messenger. I do not want them to think, as I once did, that courage is the absence of fear; I want them to know that courage is the strength to act wisely when most we are afraid. I want them to have the courage to step forward when called by their nation, or their Party, and give leadershipno matter what the personal cost. I ask no more of you than I ask of myself, or of my children. To the millions of you who are grieving, who are frightened, who have suffered the ravages of AIDS firsthand: Have courage and you will find support. To the millions who are strong I issue the plea: Set aside prejudice and politics to make room for compassion and sound policy. To my children, I make this pledge: I will not give in, Zachary, because I draw my courage from you. Your silly giggle gives me hope. Your gentle prayers give me strength. And you, my child, give me the reason to say to America, You are at risk. And I will not rest, Max, until I have done all I can to make your world safe. I will seek a place where intimacy is not the prelude to suffering. I will not hurry to leave you, my children. But when I go, I pray that you will not suffer shame on my account. To all within the sound of my voice, I appeal: Learn with me the lessons of history and of grace, so my children will not be afraid to say the word AIDS when I am gone. Then their children, and yours, may not need to whisper it at all. God bless the children, and bless us allgood night.

An Experiment to find out how the length of wire effects resistance Essay Example

An Experiment to find out how the length  of wire effects resistance Essay In this experiment we are trying to find out if by changing the length of a piece of wire its affects the resistance of current. I will find this out by having a piece of wood with a piece of wire stretching along the wood. I will have a power box on connected to an ammeter and voltage meter and then these connected to the piece of wire using crocodile clips. The variable Im going to change will be the length of wire. We can have the wire from the length of 1cm up to 100 cms long. We can use the crocodile clips to make the wire long or short. The equipment I will use is:* Crocodile clips* Power Pack* Wires* Variable resister* Ammeter* Voltage Meter* Wood with a piece of wire clipped onto itI chose the equipment I have because I think that it will be the best to use this so it will measure it accurately and give good results. To measure the Variable which Im changing I will have a piece of wood with measurements written onto it so I can use it to mark where I have to put the crocodile clips so it is a accurate measurement. The variable Im trying to measure is the resistance. The resistance is a current that flows through the wire when there is a current running through it, I will have an ammeter and a voltage meter to read the resistance. I will be making my investigation a fair test by using the same equipment each time i.e. the same piece of wood with the measurements on it.I will also wait until the measurements on the ammeter and the voltage meter are not flickering so I can read then and they are still and not in-between numbers, this will hopefully help me get an actuate reading. I will try and do the test for each length four times so I get another actuate reading. There are some things that might make the test go wrong and give me an inaccurate readings, such as if the door is open in one of the four times I do the test, that result might be higher resisentence or lower, the room temperature might change as well during the test but I cant control that. T he only way it could be the same things is if I did the experiment in a small area and I could control the temperature the test was being done in. This is how my experiment will be set up:I predict that the more wire I use on the wood stick, then the more resistance I will get travelling through the wires and the reading on the ammeter will be high for the long lengths and short for the short length of wire. I think this because the more length there is the more energy that will travel through it, then the readings on the ammeter and voltage meter will be high.The variables that could effects the tests are the room temperature, which I cant control. The heat of the power box I can control, by turning the box off at the end of each test and letting it cool down for a bit because other wise I might slow down the energy due to over heating. Another thing that might affect the test is the length of the wire which I connect the circuit together with. I cannot get the wires the same lengt h because I cannot cut the wires so this might affect my results a little bit but not a lot. Another thing I could do to make it a fair test, I could check that the power box, ammeter and voltage meter is working properly each time. One more thing it is important because I dont think you can control this unless you measure it all out.The crocodile clips are wider in length, so when you put them onto the measurements you want, on the wire it is not perfect on the measurements on the wood. So each time you take a result it is either less then what you want or more then you want. The only way you could possible control this is if you measured the width of the crocodile clip and measured the distance form the wire and not then I dont thing you could get it exactly perfect. So one time you do the results you might get the crocodile clip on the right spot and another time you might get it way out of line with right measurements. I think that if you keep to all these and try and control al l of the variables that can effect the investigation then I might get a good set of results that I can use in my graphs etc.I will collect four sets of results that are near each other in some ways like in decimal points if I round them up, this should mean they are near enough right.The measurements I will take are the length of the wire and how it affects the resistance and the voltage against the current; I will show these results in a table and in a graph for each one. When Im doing my test I will make a not of where the slider on the resister is so when I do my test again I can change it or leave it the same. I will do this so I can compare the results for each other set of results and see what ones changes the resistance the most.I found a few problems when I did the test. The first power pack I used didnt work so I had to change it. It was confusing because the wires overlapped but then I found out that u could change the wires round so they were straight and I didnt get mixe d up. I also found that the crocodile clips wouldnt stay on the wire probably, they would slip down the wire and they would not stay on straight so this might have interfered with my results because the measurement wouldnt have been accurate. To find the resistance, I had to use the voltage and divide it by the current (v a = )Length Of Wire (cm)Current (a)Voltage (v)Resistance0 40 cm0.130.584.460 50 cm0.120.625.160 80 cm0.100.757.50 100 cm0.100.800.80The results above are the set from my primarily test. It shows all the results vary, there could be something I have done wrong. The current and voltage are in the same decimal place but the resistance shows they can vary. This might so a variable have changed that I havent controlled. In my set of results from where I do four separate tests for each length I will work out the average from the results.The TestLength (cm)Current (a)Voltage (v)ResistanceAdverae0 40 cm0.080.140.150.350.350.400.321.194.83.33.53.5A= 0.18V= 0.640 50 cm 0.090.130.140.300.350.520.531.213.94.03.84.0A= 0.17V= 0.700 80 cm0.070.100.110.200.500.680.691.292.16.86.36.5A= 0.12V= 0.790 100 cm0.060.100.100.100.920.760.781.300.557.67.87.2A= 011V= 0.85I have done my experiment safely, I have made sure that the wire and power box havent got any other power going into it and I have made sure that I havent over heated the wires so that the wire on the piece of wood hasnt burnt. In the table above it shows my four repeated tests for each length of wire. The results were not all the same but they show that I have done the experiment carefully. I know that I have collected enough results because there is a fair number for each length and I can divide them, (the voltage and current) to get enough answers.I have made changes to my investigation because I have redone my test again, but this time I did it four times instead of three. I made sure it was a fair test by doing everything I said I was going to do in my plan. I tried to make made precise mea surements by trying to get the crocodile clips as close to the measurements on the wood piece as I could. I also made sure the right number on the ammeter came up so its didnt flicker and it stayed on one number for more then one second. I have found out by doing this experiment that there are a lot of variables that could make the results be different then the results if you could control everything that could change the results.On my graphs it shows that if you double the length then you double the resistance, in some cases this will work but in others it doesnt. My plan shows sensible way of testing my prediction because, the line on my graph shows this aswell. The line on my graph goes up in a straight line to show how the length of wire affects the currents resistance. You can use my graph to predict results for similar test like this in the future. My results in my graph show that resistance can be changed by anything that can affect the current or resistance.My perdition was correct because my results show the higher the measurements are then the higher the resistance of the current should be.My experiment was accurate because I made sure that all the things that could affect my investigation I controlled. None of my results were odd really they all made a line that wasnt in a curve so they didnt stand out or nothing. If I did have some odd result I would have got these by making a wrong mistake on one of the test or even the length of the wire could have changed for one test. The most difficult part of the test was recording all the results, because I did four tests for each length then it made it harder for me because I had to wait each time for the power box n wires to cool down, (this was for safety). I could improve my experiment next time to make it more reliable by maybe having more time do it because then I could leave it a certain amount of time each time so that I could have let it cooled down say for 2 minutes after each test, so the temperat ure decreased.If I ever did my test again then I could improve it many ways. I could have more time so I can do it a bit more slowly so I can get accurate result for each test. I could also make sure the wires the same length and this would make it fairer and maybe give me a different set of results that were clear and that had a pattern. I could also make sure that the temperature of the wires and power box etc stayed the same throughout the tests I did. I would start by making sure the crocodile clips were put on the wire with accuracy so they didnt slide up or down the wire when I was making the readings. I would use a different variable that I could place the wire onto that I could also write the measurements like 10 cm and 20 cm onto, I could use a rule instead of writing it onto the wood.My conclusion after I have done this experiment is that a lot of simple things can change the state of resistance everytime you do the test. You would have to have everything clipped to one an other with different variables to make it a really accurate test then you even might have a few things that will make a few odd results on a graph.

Karl Popper and Falsification

Karl Popper and Falsification Free Online Research Papers Sir Karl Popper, challenging the status quo, inspiring generations to ponder on the meaning of science, the methods to find truth, is one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century. Of particular importance to scientific methods of inquiry is the brawl between the development of theory and the criteria for science. In Popper’s own words, it is in this brawl that Popper decided to â€Å"grapple with the problem: When should a theory be ranked as scientific? or Is there a criterion for the scientific character or status of a theory?† (Popper 1957), p. 1. Born just after the turn of the century in 1902 (my Great Aunt was 4 at the time), in London, England, Popper began grappling with the brawl between â€Å"when is theory scientific† and â€Å"what is the criteria for the scientific character of theory† in the fall of 1919 (p. #). The thing that troubled Popper most he stated is â€Å"When is theory true?† (Popper 1957), p. 1-2). Born from the thing that was troubling Popper most originated his philosophy of Science as Falsification. First, it may be dangerous to proceed any further in this discussion without bringing into light perspectives about the time when Popper toiled on the naissance of falsification. In 1919, when Popper began to labor about potential for truth in theory, social turbulence was epidemic in Europe. The period between 1914 and 1989 can be viewed as a â€Å"protracted European Civil war† (Williams 2005). World War I (WWI) is well underway while communism extends beyond German idealists and the Russian Comintern into Hungary and Italy. Greek forces occupy Turkey’s Aegean coast for territorial ambitions. Over 20 million people are dying of a flu epidemic sweeping across China, Europe, and into the Americas. Social principles shift in the United States with laws prohibiting the sale of alcohol and granting women the right to vote. Social disturbance, disorder is the standard, not the exception of the time when Popper inaugurates a quest to find ‘truth’ in scientific explainadum. Other philosophers of the time endeavor to understand and explain social phenomena during the early 20th century. Max Weber, Karl Marx, Freidrech Engles, Thorstein Ve blen, and George Simmel excavate from all the political revolutions, the social disorder(s) of this period and emerge with capacious explanadum for a multitude of facets addressing social theory. â€Å"Philosophers were accused- rightly, I believe- of philosophizing without knowledge of fact, and their philosophies were described as mere fancies, even imbecile fancies’†(Popper 1952)p. 127). It is with the back drop then a discussion may proceed that recognizes the angst Popper toiled under to emerge with a simply elegant position that science is falsification. What then is falsification? In an attempt to define science from pseudo-science, Popper states that the growth of scientific knowledge begins with an imaginative proposal of hypotheses† (date, p. #). Then, the scientist must search for illustrations or situations that falsify or negate the hypothesis. This search for illustrations or situations that negate the hypothesis is falsification. Pseudo-science is science that does not meet scientific standards (of the period) but does conduct experiments. But what of pseudo-science? When is science the truth? What explains the difference between science and pseudo-science? Popper explains by providing an example. Traditionally, a discipline that conducts pseudo-scientific experiments is astrology. By amassing observations, astrologists produce horoscopes or biographies (Popper 1957). To distinguish science from pseudo-science, the investigator, at this point in the 20th century, could turn to the method and parse out true science from pseudo-science. The use of empirical methods and inductive explanations is the root cause for Popper’s revolt upon the metaphysical reasoning used to explain social behavior (at this time). It is not that astrology is a pseudo-science; astrology is merely a residue of the subject of the investigation (Popper 1952). Disciplines are means of administratively distinguishing the unified systems from which problems may be taught. It is far more important to understanding falsification that â€Å"We are not students of a subject matter but students of problems† (Popper 1952)p. 125). Traditionally, scientists formed hypotheses to explain or rationalize some natural phoneme that they have observed. Popper intends that a hypothesis must predict a phenomenon or behavior and not just offer to explain it. â€Å"I believe that there is not a classic of science, or of mathematics, or indeed a book worth reading that could not be shown, by a skillful application of the technique of language analysis, to be full of meaningless pseudo-propositions† (Popper 1952), p. 130). Popper is positive that each hypothesis has a possible contradiction. This â€Å"sensitiveness to problems† to the extent of having a â€Å"consuming passion for them† fortifies Popper’s revolt against merely accepting plausible and rationalized results of observations. For falsification to take place, the scientist must identify situations that falsify or negate the hypothesis. Finally, after rigorous attempts have been made to find the hypothesis untrue, the scientist may tentatively accept the hypothesis as true. However, if the hypothesis is found untrue, the scientist must reject the hypothesis. Therefore, Popper has set forth not only a definition of a scientific theory, but also an environment wherein scientists may work. Popper intends that a hypothesis must predict a phenomenon or behavior and not just offer to explain it. Therefore, a few statements may be made to expand and sequence the understanding of falsification. These ordered statements are that 1) for scientific discovery to take place, a clear problem statement must be designed, 2) attempts to find this hypothesis untrue must be conducted, 3) when the investigation cannot find the hypothesis untrue at that point then finally 4) the discovery is made regarding prediction of the ori ginal problem. Popper makes it clear that theory cannot be completely explanatory and all inclusive (Klemke et al. 1998). The key characteristic of a theory is falsification in itself. If the possibility for negating the theory does not exist, then the hypothesis is not scientific. When the theory is falsified, the scientific community learns from the experience and knowledge becomes a cumulative contribution among philosophers. Popper provides a service to the scientific community by spawning a means to parse science from pseudo-science more clearly. Popper’s theses in philosophy to include a tenet of falsification caused a tectonic shift in scientific investigation. Responses of rejection from other philosophers poured in regarding Popper’s assertions for the need to falsify. Imre Lakatos, for example, is harsh on Popper. Criticisms include: Lakatos argues that falsifiable already refers to how science is practiced. Lakatos interprets Popper as demanding scientists to specify in advance a crucial experiment (or observation) which can falsify it, and it is pseudoscientific if one refuses to specify such a ‘potential’ falsifier† (Lakatos 1963). â€Å"If so, Popper does not demarcate scientific statements from pseudoscientific ones, but rather scientific method from non-scientific method (Lakatos, p. 1). Lakatos goes onto claim that Popper fails to provide the scientific community with a means for â€Å"rational criticism of consistent conventions† (Lakatos 1963). For Aiken, Popper does not address three different questions: 1)whether historical data can be trusted as evidence for social laws, 2) whether there are verifiable laws of ‘development’†¦for the basis..to predict future events, and 3) whether there can be what may be called laws of ‘unrestrictive scope’ in terms of which all social processes may be explained. (Aiken 1947), p. 147)Clearly from this spurn of remarks from Lakatos, Aiken and others upon Popper’s falsification theses has caused a scientific revolution under the principles set forth by Thomas Kuhn (Kuhn 1996). References Aiken, Henry David (1947), Review: [Untitled], The Journal of Philosophy, 44 (17), 459-73. Klemke, E.D., R. Hollinger, D. Rudge, A. (Eds) Klein, and A. (David) Klein (1998), Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science: Prometheus Books. Kuhn, Thomas S. (1996), The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. Lakatos, I. (1963), Proofs and Refutations (2, 3, 4), The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 14 (54), 120-39. Popper, K. R. (1952), The Nature of Philosophical Problems and Their Roots in Science, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 3 (10), 124-56. Popper, Karl (1957), Science as Falsification, ed. Cambridge University Peterhouse, London: Mayfield Publishing Company. Williams, Hywel (2005), Cassells Chronology of World History, in Cassells Chronology of World History, London: Weidenfeld Nicolson, 767. Research Papers on Karl Popper and FalsificationThree Concepts of PsychodynamicThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeResearch Process Part OneCapital PunishmentEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Leaders and Potential Leaders Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leaders and Potential Leaders - Literature review Example Cultivation was aimed at using one's intellect in doing a job. Emotional and actual advantages were given as the corresponding result. Third, the leader must be prepared to present the plan, to inform the followers of the requirements and to allow the followers to take control of the situation. Examining the Author’s Methods It is contended that the author did not implicitly state the thesis of the article. The statement could actually be simplified. Also, the grammatical structure was incorrect. The sentence started with a second person point of view and then it ended with a third person point of view ( the use of the word you to them). Such kind of mistake could actually disappoint the reader. It has a tendency to take away the reader’s interest. As a result, one may stop reading the article upon noticing the wrong done. Nevertheless, if the one reading is a potential leader, then, there is a possibility that he or she will excuse such error. Moreover, the writer was not able to present adequate ideas to support the thesis. The suggested ways were too general. It could have been specifically enumerated. The writer’s personal experiences were not enough to substantiate the proposed steps of utilization. Nonetheless, the third paragraph provided a logical example.